# root-register (/docs/tx/root-register)

Joins the hotkey to the root network, the TAO staking pool (netuid 0 has
no miners and no alpha; validators register here to receive root stake).
Admission is burn-based, like subnet registration: the coldkey pays the
root burn price (recycled out of issuance, demand-priced — each
registration bumps it and it decays back toward the floor). No prior
stake is required, but root slots are limited: joining a full root
network evicts the member with the least stake, so a seat is only held
by keeping stake behind the hotkey. Root registrations are also capped
per block (`max_registrations_per_block`) and per interval (three
times `target_registrations_per_interval`); hitting either cap fails
until the window passes. Use `burned_register` for ordinary subnets.

| Signer    | Origin                                 | Pallet          | Wraps                                                                                         |
| --------- | -------------------------------------- | --------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `coldkey` | signed account (pallet role may apply) | SubtensorModule | [`SubtensorModule.root_register`](/code/pallets/subtensor/src/macros/dispatches.rs#L832-L836) |

## Parameters [#parameters]

| Parameter     | Type   | Required | Description                                                              |
| ------------- | ------ | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `hotkey_ss58` | string | no       | Hotkey to register on the root network; defaults to the wallet's hotkey. |

Address parameters (`--hotkey`, `--coldkey`, `--dest`, ...) accept a raw ss58
address, an address-book or proxy-book name, or a local wallet/hotkey name.

## CLI [#cli]

Preview with `--dry-run` (shows fee, effects, and policy result without
submitting), then submit:

```bash
btcli subnets register --netuid 0 --dry-run
btcli subnets register --netuid 0 -w my_coldkey
```

## Python [#python]

```python
import bittensor as bt
from bittensor.wallet import Wallet

wallet = Wallet(name="my_coldkey", hotkey="my_hotkey")
intent = bt.RootRegister()

sub = bt.Subtensor()
plan = sub.plan(intent, wallet)   # fee, effects, policy — no submission
result = sub.execute(intent, wallet)
if not result.success:
    print(result.error.code, result.error.remediation)
```

(`bt.Subtensor` is also the async client — `async with bt.Subtensor() as client:`
— see [The client](/docs/concepts/client).) Or build the intent by op name, as
an agent would:

```python
result = sub.execute_tool("root_register", {...}, wallet)
```

## On-chain implementation [#on-chain-implementation]

`SubtensorModule.root_register` — [`pallets/subtensor/src/macros/dispatches.rs#L834`](/code/pallets/subtensor/src/macros/dispatches.rs#L832-L836):

```rust
#[pallet::call_index(62)]
#[pallet::weight(<T as crate::pallet::Config>::WeightInfo::root_register())]
pub fn root_register(origin: OriginFor<T>, hotkey: T::AccountId) -> DispatchResult {
    Self::do_root_register(origin, hotkey)
}
```

Delegates to [`do_root_register`](/code/pallets/subtensor/src/coinbase/root.rs#L80).

Every file is browsable under [/code](/code) exactly as built into the runtime, or as plain text under `/code/raw/<path>` (index: [`/code/index.json`](/code/index.json)).